What is trade

An economic measure of a negative balance of trade in which a country's imports exceeds its exports. A trade deficit represents an outflow of domestic currency to foreign markets. Investopedia explains 'Trade Deficit' Economic theory dictates that a trade deficit is not necessarily a bad situation because it often corrects itself over time. However, a deficit has been reported and growing in the United States for the past few decades, which has some economists worried. This means that large quantities of the U.S. dollar are being held by foreign nations, which may decide to sell at any time. A large increase in dollar sales can drive the value of the currency down, making it more costly to purchase imports.

What is trade practices law?

trade cycle

Trade practices law impacts on your transactions in the marketplace, whether you are a provider of goods and services or a consumer of these goods or services.

The introduction of the Trade Practices Act in 1974 (now the Competition and Consumer Act 2010) heralded the decline of the reign of the maxim, caveat emptor - let the buyer beware. The regulation of trade practices by both Federal and State governments has witnessed not only the consolidation of the protection of consumer rights, but also the promotion of competition and fair trading in markets.

Trade Balance Definition. A Trade Balance, or Balance of Trade, is the difference between the monetary value of exports and imports of a specific country's economic output over a certain period of time. It is one of many economic fundamentals that affect the relative value of a country's currency. A positive or favorable balance of trade is known as a trade surplus when exports exceed imports. Conversely, a negative or unfavorable balance is referred to as a trade deficit or trade gap. The balance of trade is also part of a nation's current account, which includes income from the international investment positions, as well as international aid and other cross-border transactions. Factors that can affect the balance of trade include exchange rate movements, relative production costs between trading partners, the availability of raw materials, various taxes or restrictions on trade, the availability of adequate foreign exchange or reserves to pay for imports, and the domestic prices of goods that are exported. Small trade deficits are not viewed as harmful, but large trade deficits are seen as problematic for a country's domestic economy.

What is trade finance?

Trade Finance has been reviewing the global trade market since 1983. The remit of what we cover is somewhat broad, and as the market evolves to meet the requirements of financing global trade, so our content has changed.

The following is a guide for those of you new to the market, those looking for clarification, and those of you who have bluffed your way through up to this point.

Risk Statement: Trading Foreign Exchange on margin carries a high level of risk and may not be suitable for all investors. The possibility exists that you could lose more than your initial deposit. The high degree of leverage can work against you as well as for you. 

What is trade finance?

There are various definitions to be found online as to what trade finance is, and the choice of words used is interesting. It is described both as a ‘science’ and as ‘an imprecise term covering a number of different activities’. As is the nature of these things, both are accurate. In one form it is quite a precise science managing the capital required for international trade to flow. Yet within this science there are a wide range of tools at the financiers’ disposal, all of which determine how cash, credit, investments and other assets can be utilised for trade.
In its simplest form, an exporter requires an importer to prepay for goods shipped. The importer naturally wants to reduce risk by asking the exporter to document that the goods have been shipped. The importer’s bank assists by providing a letter of credit to the exporter (or the exporter's bank) providing for payment upon presentation of certain documents, such as a bill of lading. The exporter's bank may make a loan to the exporter on the basis of the export contract.
Below I have outlined the various ways in which trade is financed by banks beyond the basic financial transaction described above – which I would refer to as traditional trade finance. I have divided this extended definition into the sectors which Trade Finance as a channel for the latest news and analysis for this market strives to cover.

trade finance

What is trade liberalisation and isn't it a good thing?

'Trade liberalisation' is the term for the process whereby a country opens up its markets to international trade i.e. reduces the taxes (known as tariffs) and other limits (such as quotas) on goods coming in and out. It also often comes alongside increased rights for investors, pressures to privatize as well as imposed regulatory changes to comply with international standards.

Trade liberalisation can be a good thing in the right circumstances – if it's phased in correctly at the right time in a country's development. However forcing countries to 'liberalise' their economies prematurely (for example through aid conditionality or trade agreements) has led to disastrous economic and social consequences. EPAs are part of the same trend.
Rich countries are denying developing countries the chance to protect their fragile economies and industries (which historically has been the approach followed by the UK and almost every now-rich country during their process of development) and throwing them in to open competition with developed countries before they are ready.
There is now ample evidence which shows that this liberalisation agenda actually increases poverty, especially when imposed from outside and not driven by a country needs and timelines.
Instead, poor countries need the freedom and right to protect and support their industries and farmers until they are strong enough to compete internationally. They need trade justice.

trade industries

What is trade ?

The word trade has always been used in a generic fashion and the attempts of deciphering the meaning of this word has only been done by economists and business people. We have been hearing this word since the time we started to understand the world. So what exactly is trade? Going by the standard definition of the term, it is nothing but a simple activity that involves exchange of goods and services. That’s how simple it is. Such exchanges of goods or services can be between two parties or several parties. Bilateral trade refers to the trade that takes place between two parties whereas multilateral trade occurs when more than two parties are involved in the transaction.

If we look at history books, trade was actually in the form of barter system where commodities were exchanged and not currency. The commodities to be exchanged had equal values and were equally desirable to both parties. In modern world, money is used as medium of exchange and barter system is no longer in existence. The term trade has acquired significant importance in today’s world.

Imagine a life without the concept of trade! Sure, it would not be as fascinating as it is now. The need and importance of trade can only be understood from the fact that trading is in existence since centuries. During initial times, people first started to trade among themselves, and then they started to venture into other villages, towns and even countries. Even many famous discoverers from far away countries found India when they were hunting for new places to trade. This word is also responsible for discovery of many unknown countries and conception of travel. Names like Marco Polo, Columbus, Vasco De Gama etc surely rings a bell in the world of trade and its origin. Trade as a whole is not only complex but exciting as well. One thing is pretty sure; trade is going to be in existence as long as humans are there on the planet. The concept of Trade is centered around the simple activity of the exchange of good and/or services. These exchanges may be the ones that simply take place between two parties.
The simple trade which takes place between two parties is known as bilateral trade. These exchanges may also take place amongst more than two parties.
These exchanges that take place amongst more than two parties is known as Multilateral trade. In its authentic and original form trade perforce used barter and the exchange of goods and services of a recognized equal value that is equally desirable to both parties.
Modern traders generally negotiate through the use of a medium of exchange, i.e.money. The barter system of course has become extinct now.
The invention of money and the subsequent creation of the concepts of credit, paper money and non-physical money have played pivotal roles in simplifying and promoting the development of trade.
Most economists agree and accept the very obvious theory that trade benefits both parties involved in the transaction. Trade is a concept that exists largely due to the differences in the cost of production of some tradable commodity in the various locations.
 



What about unregistered trade marks?There is no available remedy for trade mark infringement if the earlier trade mark is unregistered. Some unregistered trade marks may be protected under Common Law and this is known as Passing off. However, whether or not they are protected will depend on the particular circumstances, in particular:

• Whether, and to what extent, the owner of the unregistered trade mark was trading under the name at the date of commencement of the use of the later mark;
  
• Whether the two marks are sufficiently similar, having regard to their fields of trade, so as to be likely to confuse and deceive (whether or not intentionally) a substantial number of persons into thinking that the junior user’s goods and services are those of the senior user;
  
• The extent of the damage that such confusion would cause to the goodwill in the senior user’s business.
  

trade with bangladesh